Sorting out AI, ML, DL, and NLP

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Posted By: Roberta Mullin July 22, 2020

The alphabet soup of acronyms in the world Artificial Intelligence. What are they? What do they mean? What is the difference between them? This is our ongoing reporting on AI and how it is being integrated into healthcare technology. We are seeking out the thought leaders and innovations that are moving the needle forward using artificial intelligence. Read more posts on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare.

Follow the hashtag #AIinHealthcare.

Listen

On The Incrementalist, host Dr. Nick van Terheyden aka Dr. Nick talks to Ben Kanter, MD, CMIO at Vocera. Vocera has been in voice enabled communications for over 20 years but has emerged as a communication and collaboration platform that uses multiple data integrations from systems in hospitals along with AI to provide a solution to reduce the “Interrupt Fatigue” that healthcare workers suffer from. Importantly this is a solution that works for anyone wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that is being used to protect staff from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These include reducing the burden and risks for frontline staff to allow easy access to information and decreasing the need of taking equipment on and off.

In the News

Take the AI in Healthcare Survey
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) (@ansidotorg) has released a survey on standardization empowering artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled systems in health care. ANSI seeks feedback from interested stakeholders on related standardization issues, solutions, efforts, and the role of standardization in the governance and regulation. Survey responses are requested by July 31, 2020, and the results will be used to inform the discussion at a public-private virtual workshop hosted by ANSI on September 14, 2020. ANSI will provide details for the workshop in the near future.

Canon Medical Introduces New Configuration of Aquilion ONE / GENESIS Edition – A Comprehensive Cardiac CT Solution Powered by Artificial Intelligence
To meet the growing cardiovascular imaging needs of healthcare systems, Canon Medical Systems USA, Inc. (@CanonMedicalUS) is introducing a new configuration of the Aquilion ONE / GENESIS Edition – the Aquilion ONE / GENESIS SP – a complete CT solution with proven cardiovascular capabilities. The Aquilion ONE / GENESIS SP was designed for the evolving needs of structural and coronary imaging, enabling consistent, high-quality studies through its AI-powered wide-area CT.

FDA Approves Data Streaming from the Impella Console, Setting the Stage for Artificial Intelligence Algorithms to Further Improve Patient Outcomes
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved one-way digital data streaming during patient support from Abiomed’s (@abiomedimpella) Automated Impella Controller (AIC), the external console used with Impella heart pumps. The data streaming capability is facilitated through the Impella Connect interface, a HIPAA-compliant, cloud-based remote monitoring platform that is currently installed at more than 200 hospitals. The approval means console data could be streamed live via Impella Connect to a secure server where artificial intelligence (AI) could provide predictive clinical information to the patient’s physician.

IBH Uses AI and Clinical Data Analytics to Shape the Future of Behavioral Healthcare
IBH Population Health Solutions (Integrated Behavioral Health, Inc.), a behavioral health technology and services company, announced the launch of its new Provider Clinical Data Analytics technology platform that uses artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to improve the quality and outcomes of talk therapy counseling. This program was developed in partnership with Lyssn (Lyssn.io, Inc.) (@lyssn_ai) and is the newest initiative to come from IBH’s Dysruption lab, a corporate incubator IBH created to rapidly prototype and deploy new clinically validated advancements in healthcare delivery.

Endpoint Health Launches with Mission to Bring Life-Saving Targeted Therapies to Patients with Critical Illnesses
Endpoint Health (@endpointhealth) launched on a mission to bring life-saving targeted therapies to patients with critical illnesses including sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) — life-threatening conditions often caused by serious infections, including COVID-19. The first targeted therapeutics company focused on integrated solutions for critical illnesses, Endpoint Health’s mission is to combine novel and on-market therapeutics, companion diagnostics and artificial intelligence (AI) into an integrated platform designed to improve outcomes in critically ill patients.

Genial Technology Launches GenialAI OCR to Help Accelerate Digital Transformation
Genial Technology, Inc. is excited to announce the launch of GenialAI™ OCR, a SaaS product that will reduce document processing costs while maintaining accuracy and security. The official launch date for GenialAI™ OCR was July 9, 2020. As the demand for digital transformation rapidly grows because of COVID-19, OCR (optical character recognition) services take on importance to digitize paper-based transactions. GenialAI™ OCR automatically extracts and visualizes data from scanned document, such as invoices, shipping documents, receipts and contracts. To help customers utilize the extracted data in other platforms, GenialAI™ OCR converts the data to spreadsheet format.

Multimillion-Dollar AI and Analytics in Surgery Market to Boost Efficiency in the Operating Room
Frost & Sullivan’s (@Frost_Sullivan) recent study, Growth Opportunities in Artificial Intelligence and Analytics in Surgery, 2020, finds that the permeation of artificial intelligence (AI) and analytics in operating rooms (ORs) will help hospitals achieve high potential. Their deployment addresses inefficiencies and challenges that conventional ORs are facing, such as optimal block utilizations, accurate case-by-case costing, and myriad clinical challenges for physicians performing surgery.

To Read

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The Basics and Resources

From the leading text book around the world, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach.

Artificial Intelligence is composed of six different disciplines:

  1. Natural Language Processing to enable it to communicate successfully in English
  2. Knowledge Representation to store what it knows or hears
  3. Automated Reasoning to use the stored information to answer questions and to draw new conclusions
  4. Machine Learning to adapt to new circumstances and to detect and extrapolate patterns
  5. Computer Vision to perceive objects
  6. Robotics to manipulate objects and move about

To build a generally intelligent agent, you need machine learning in addition to the other aspects mentioned above.

Machine Learning is roughly the science of prediction. Given certain knowns (features), you wish to predict some unknowns (targets). The unknown could be structured (e.g. numeric) or unstructured (e.g. a string response).

Deep Learning is a sub field of machine learning where concepts are learned hierarchically. The simplest concepts emerge first, followed by more complicated concepts that build on the simpler ones. Usually, this leads to a simple layered hierarchy of concepts.

Optum Resource Library

Natural Language Processing: AI with an ROI
Health care providers need to see a return on any analytic investment they make. Natural language processing (NLP) is one way AI can help providers convert the potential within their health data into quality improvement and cost savings. Natural language processing is an AI technology that actually makes sense for health care.

IBM Analytics

Navigating the A.I. and Cognitive Maze – If you work in the area of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cognitive Computing, you might use buzz words and phrases which to others might be perceived as confusing jargon. This article attempts to explain what these terms mean, how they relate to one other and where they all fit along the AI and cognitive time continuum. I include a glossary of my top 20 useful AI/cognitive terms — and advice on getting started on your AI/cognitive journey.